RUBUS ERYTHROCLADUS AND RUBUS SELLOWII

 

POPULAR NAMES: Framboesa verde, Framboesa branca, green raspberry or white raspberry for Rubus erythrocladus and Liana Raspberry or Grape liana from the thorny forest for R. sellowii

 

ROSACEAE

 

 

 

 

INDIGENOUS NAME: Both plants receive the name of CAPINURÍBA meaning "herbs covered with spines on bunches of fruit" is derived from four words of Tupi Guaraní: CAA - herb, leaf or stalk, PINÛ - nettle or spiny, ARY - bunch, IBA - fruit.

 

Origin: The 2 plants are representatives of 5 species from Brazil, occurring in riparian forests or edges of the higher altitude cloud forests of the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and the entire region south of Brazil.

 

Characteristics: The raspberry is a liana of perennial shrub, climbing and much branched with branches forming tussocks of 2 to 4 m l (6 2/3 to 13 1/3 feet) long, pilose (covered with long hairs) and with spines reflex to close internodes. The apical tufts (the tip) has square shape and is striated. The leaves are composed trifoliate (with 3 leaflets), and rarely five-leaf (with 5 leaflets) under petiole (the leaf stem that holds the stem) of 5 to 9 cm in length and 2 stipules (laminar forming base) of 0.8 to 1.2 cm in length. And the green raspberry differs from the other because it has a light red color in the branches, pubescence, thorns and bracts and young leaves (or leaf tissue) of green light and downy (covered with tiny hairs) at the upper and yellowish green, covered with white fuzz on the underside; measure 9 to 19 cm long by 5 to 13 cm wide. The flowers are appeared in panicles (type compound cluster) terminals 15 to 30 cm in length, containing the 30 to 90 small flowers of 1.2 cm in diameter when open. The flowers of R. sellowii are pink and the flowers of R. erythrocladus are white.

 

Planted in the site of Frutas Raras: Both species were planted in September 2001, both species flowered in 2002, and bear fruit every year.

 

Tips for cultivation: Subtropical plant, resistant to frost to -3°C (27°F), can be grown throughout the country, at any altitude; adapts to different types of soils that are rich in organic matter and with good natural moisture. It can be grown in full sun to shaded environment. Begins to bear fruit the second year after planting. The plants begin to fruit in the age of 1 to 2 years and maintain the production of 5 to 8 years.

 

Propagation: The plant is propagated by seeds that germinate in 40 to 120 days. The substrate is ideal for 40% of soil or red clay, 20 % sand and 40 % well mixed organic matter. The growth of seedlings is rapid and should be formed in shading of 50 %.  

 

Planting: Should be planted in place a final space of 3 x 3 meters (10 x 10 feet). In the case of domestic orchard is unnecessary to use  espaliers, or in the case of commercial cultivation pillars of the height of 1.60 m (1 1/3 feet) and between them 4 m will stabilze and held 3 wires on these, the first 40 cm (1 1/3 feet) from the ground and to each sequent 30 cm (1 foot). The plant will be conducted in the wire and the branches must be tied.

 

Cultivating: When the fertilizer, it is with 10 kg of organic compost and 50 grams of NPK 4-14-8 divided into two parts, beginning in spring and early summer. Irrigation increases productivity and can be made with a drip of media 6  liters of water per plant each week than rain. At the end of winter, is the pruning of fruit, removing all pointers that fruited last year and cleaning, removing dry twigs, sick or poorly located.

 

Uses: The fruit is consumed in-kind, can be used for the manufacture of jams, yoghurts, juices and ice creams.

 

Flowering in the site of Frutas Raras: September to January.

 

Fruiting in the site of Frutas Raras: The liana raspberry produces in October and November and the green raspberry produces in several seasons.

 

 

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